A Rare Case Of Mandibular Second Molar Characterized By A Single Canal - A Case Report

Abstract

Mandibular second molars with a single root canal present a distinctive anatomical variation. This case report aims to present a rare morphological variation of mandibular second molar characterized by a single canal diagnosed with a peri-apical radiograph and orthopantomogram. A 43-year-old Saudi Arabian woman was referred to the dental clinic complaining of discomfort and pain while chewing on the right back region of her mouth. A fixed partial denture was noted on clinical examination that spanned from the right mandibular second premolar (tooth #45) to the right mandibular second molar (tooth #47). The right mandibular second molar (tooth #47) had no mobility but was sensitive to percussion. The periapical radiograph revealed the existence of one root canal with apical radiolucency associated with this tooth. The final diagnosis of the tooth under consideration was pulpal necrosis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. This case confirms the presence of a single root and root canal in a second mandibular molar. Root canal treatment was done for the symptomatic tooth. Furthermore, longitudinal follow-up of the treated tooth for four years after the root canal procedure, both clinically and radiographically, demonstrated complete resolution of the peri-apical lesion. This case report unveils a unique and infrequent variation in the root canal system of a mandibular second molar: a single root associated with a single root canal. For optimal dental care management, clinicians must vigilantly acknowledge the potential for variations in the root canal systems of mandibular molars.

References

1. 1.Kottoor J, Albuquerque D, Velmurugan N, Kuruvilla J: Root anatomy and root canal configuration of human permanent mandib­ ular premolars: a systematic review. Anat Res Int 2013,2013:254250.
2. 2.Al Mheiri E, Chaudhry J, Abdo S, El Abed R, Khamis AH, Jamal M: Evaluation of root and canal morphology of maxillary permanent first molars in an Emirati A Rare Case Of Mandibular Second Molar Characterized By A Single Canal- A Case Report Majmaah Journal of Health Sciences , Volume 12 Issue 4 October 2024, Rabi Al-Awwal 1446 population; a cone-beam computed tomog­ raphy study. BMC Oral Health 2020, 20(l):274.
3. 3.Alqahtani AS, Alqhtani NR, Gufran K, Aljulayfi IS, Alateek AM, Alotni SI, Aljarad AJ, Alhamdi AA, Alotaibi YK, Ansari MD: Analysis of Trends in Demographic Distri­ bution of Dental Workforce in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Healthcare En­ gineering 2022,2022:1-12.
4. 4.Ghoddusi J, Naghavi N, Zarei M, Rohani E: Mandibular First Molar with Four Distal Canals. Journal of Endodontics 2007, 33(12):1481-1483.
5. 5.Sert S, Sahinkesen G, Topcu FT, Eroglu SE, Oktay EA: Root canal configurations of third molar teeth. A comparison with first and second molars in the Turkish popula­ tion. Aust Endod J 2011,37(3):109-117.
6. 6.Zhang R, Wang H, Tian YY, Yu X, Hu T, Dummer PM: Use of cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate root and canal mor­ phology of mandibular molars in Chinese individuals. Int Endod J 2011, 44(ll):990-999.
7. 7.Pamukcu Guven E: Root Canal Mor­ phology and Anatomy. In: Human Teeth - Key Skills and Clinical Illustrations, edn. Edited by Ziihre A, Farid B. Rijeka: IntechOpen; 2020: Ch. 9.
8. 8.Zare Jahromi MJafari Golestan F,Mashhadi Esmaeil M, Moouavizahed S, Sarami M: Root and canal morphology of mandibu­ lar second molar in an Iranian population by clearing method. J Dent (Shiraz) 2013, 14(2):78-81.
9. 9.Gomez F, Brea G, Gomez-Sosa JF: Root canal morphology and variations in mandibular second molars: an in vivo cone-beam computed tomography analysis. BMC Oral Health 2021,21(1):424.
10. 10.Daokar SG, Kalekar Yadao AS, Ghunawat DB, Kakde DD: All the mandibular in­ cisors with double canals in a single patient: a rare case. J Int Oral Health 2015, 7(2):46-49.
11. 11.Saber SM, Seoud MAE, Sadat S, Nawar NN: Root and canal morphology of man­ dibular second molars in an Egyptian sub­ population: a cone-beam computed tomog­ raphy study. BMC Oral Health 2023, 23(1):217.
12. 12.Mantovani VO, Gabriel AES, Silva RG, Savioli RN, Sousa-Neto MD, Cruz-Filho AM: Analysis of the mandibular molars root canals morphology. Study by computed to­ mography. Braz Dent J 2022, 33(5):l-8.
13. 13.Senan E, Alhadainy H, Madfa AA: Root and Canal Morphology of Mandibular Second Molars in a Yemeni Population: A Cone-beam Computed Tomography. Eur Endod J 2021,6(1):72-81.
14. 14.Mashyakhy M, AlTuwaijri N, Alessa R, Alazzam N, Alotaibi B, Almutairi R, Alroomy R, Thota G, Melha AA, Alkahtany MF et al: Anatomical Evaluation of Root and Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular Dentition among the Saudi Arabian Population: A Systematic Review. Biomed Res Int 2022,2022:2400314. A Rare Case Of Mandibular Second Molar Characterized By A Single Canal- A Case Report