Behavioral Health Indicators and Lifestyle Practices Among College Students in The Southern Region of Saudi Arabia: Insights for Health Promotion and Intervention

Abstract

Background and Aims: Behavioral health is a critical component of overall well-being, particularly among young adults. In Saudi Arabia, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and traffic accidents are major health threats, necessitating the assessment and improvement of health behaviors among college students. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the behavioral health indicators among Saudi college students, providing insights to inform the development of effective health intervention initiatives on campus. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a university in the southeastern region of Saudi Arabia, utilizing a comprehensive survey merging five established tools. Data from 478 students (48.7% male, 51.3% female) were analyzed to evaluate physical activity, nutrition, tobacco use, mental health, and driving behaviors. Results: The majority of students rated their health positively, with males giving higher ratings than females. A significant portion of students also gave positive ratings for physical activity, though many did not meet recommended guidelines. Less than half of the students positively rated their nutritional behaviors, and there were notable percentages of students who were underweight or overweight/ obese. Most students reported never using tobacco. However, a notable number experienced severe depressive or anxiety disorders, and nearly half had been in a traffic accident, with gender differences observed in seat belt usage. Conclusion: This study highlights behavioral health challenges among college students in southern Saudi Arabia, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to promote healthier lifestyles and align with Vision 2030 goals.

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